A new study published in The Lancet Oncology found that infections caused approximately 2.3 million cancer cases worldwide in 2024, representing 12 percent of all new cases. Researchers from the International Agency for Research on Cancer identified Helicobacter pylori bacteria and human papillomavirus as leading infectious causes, alongside hepatitis viruses and Epstein-Barr virus, with significant regional variations linked to access to prevention and screening programs.