A report by environmental groups found Nvidia's supply chain emissions increased 725% since 2020, reaching 10.7 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent in 2026. Emissions from operating Nvidia chips sold since 2022 could generate 4-21 million tonnes of CO2 in 2025 depending on electricity sources, potentially matching Russian state coal producer emissions. The report challenges Nvidia's claims that AI reduces overall emissions, calling them greenwashing.